Metal-carbon mesocomposites application possibilities as the medicine magnetic transport within an organism

The paper is dedicated to the consideration of the metal-carbon mesocomposites application possibilities for the medicine magnetic transport. This trend is determined by correspondent peculiarities of content and structure of mesoscopic composites. The main peculiarities of these nanosized particles are the following: a) the presence of unpaired electrons on the carbon shell; b) the structure of carbon shell from poly acetylene and carbine fragments; c) the atomic magnetic moment of inner metal is equaled to more than 1–3 μB. The creation of reactive mesoscopic materials with regulated magnetic characteristics which can find application as medicine magnetic transport within an organism is very topical. The present investigation has fundamental character. It’s based on the ideas concerning to the change of metal-carbon mesocomposites reactivity. The use is possible as metal-carbon mesocomposites both and they are modified analogously.

In the recent studies his great attention is spared to the creation of medicine remedies with address direction for the action on the organs that are needed in correspondent healing. Usually the transport of therapeutically active substances to the correspondent organ is carried out using the magnetic mesoparticles containing the linker connected with medicine substance. In other words, the remedies of medicine carriage in organisms are constructed on the following scheme: transport magnetic mesoparticle – linker – medicine [1]. In the above patents the iron-containing nanosized particles, for example, Fe₃O₄, is used as magnetic mesoparticle, and the organic substances are connected with this mesoparticle by covalent or coordinative bonds as linker. In this case it’s possible the certain difficulties in the undoing of medicine because of the bio-active substances big interaction with some functional groups. The medicine release from magnetic mesoparticles with a linker occurs at the variable magnetic fields. It is well-known that the best linker can be phosphorus organic compounds that are easily destructed in water [2].

Description mesoscopic–phosphorus-containing metal carbon composites

Kodolov, et al. proposed [3] to accomplish the modification of metal containing magnetic mesoparticle by ammonium polyphosphate. At the same time the copper carbon mesocomposite [4] is suggested as a magnetic mesoparticle since the copper has bactericides’ and anti-microbes properties and increases the organism’s protective forces. For that reason, the copper carbon mesoscopic composite modified by ammonium polyphosphate chooses as the object of the investigations. The modification process is carried out by the mechanic chemical method in processing. The phosphorus reduction and the formation of the linker that contains phosphorus with the following oxidation states as 0, +3, and +5 takes place.

The obtaining of remedy for medicine delivery to a definite organ is carried out on the following scheme:

The phosphorus containing copper carbon mesoscopic composites (MC_(P)) are applied as magnetic mesoparticles. Then the medicines (M) are linked with MC_(P) at the relation (MC_(P) /M) correspondent to 1:(0,02 – 0,5) using the mechanic chemical method with the application of the mechanical mortar. The MC_(P) applied is obtained by the interaction of copper carbon mesocomposite (Cu-C MC) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) at the relation 1:0,5 for the obtaining of high atomic magnetic moment of copper. The therapeutically active substances such as adenosine tri phosphorus acid (the relation MC_(P) /M = 1:0,02), ascorbic acid (MC_(P) /M = 1:0,2) and Urotropine (MC_(P) /M = 1:0,5) is linked with phosphorus containing mesocomposite across the phosphorus containing linker.

The investigations of phosphorus containing copper carbon mesocomposite and its analogous are realized with the application of methods complex [5]. The basic methods are: the CX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (RPES), transition electron microscopy of high solution (permeation) (TEM), electron micro diffraction, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and the X-ray diffraction measuring.

According to these investigations the copper atomic magnetic moment growth is established at the copper carbon mesocomposite modification by ammonium polyphosphate and therapeutically active substances. The atomic magnetic moment of copper is obtained more (μ = 4,5μ_Б) in the comparison with iron containing nanostructures (μ = 2,5μ_Б). Hence the proposed magnetic mesoparticles can be interested as the remedies of medicine carriage in organisms using drive magnetic field.

The production of magnetic mesoscopic particles with connected therapeutically active substances is realized by mechanic chemical method on the next scheme:

• The reduction-oxidation synthesis of copper carbon mesocomposite from CuO and polyvinyl alcohol at the reagents relation equaled to 1 mol : 4 mol [4].

• The copper carbon mesocomposite modification by ammonium polyphosphate at the reagents relation [6,7].

• The phosphorus-containing copper carbon mesocomposite modification by therapeutically active substances, such, as adenosine tri phosphoric acid (relation – 1:0,02), ascorbic acid (relation – 1:0,2) and Urotropine (relation – 1:0,5). (Pat. 2018143197).

The mechanic chemical synthesis is carried out with the using of mechanical mortar by the joint grinding of reagents at the energetic expenses approximately equaled to 260–270 kJ/mol. After the mechanic chemical process, the mesoscopic product obtained is dried in the closed crucible at 400ºC for the first stage, and at 150ºC for second and third stages. Then the product obtained is standee in vacuum at 100–150ºC for 3 minutes.

The results of the mechanic chemical process with thermo chemical finishing are estimated with the application of the following methods: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, transition electron microscopy with high permission.

The transition analytic electron microscope FET Tecnai G2F20 with prefix EDAX is used for the investigation of copper carbon mesoscopic composite structure and phase content. High permission corresponds to 2 nm in 1,5 cm.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigations are realized by X-ray photoelectron magnetic spectrometer with the permission 10^-4 at the activation AlK_α line 1486 eV in vacuum 10^-8 – 10^-10 Torre. Based on Van Fleck theory, the model for metal atomic magnetic moments calculation is proposed.

EPR investigations are carried out by means of EPR spectrometer Е–3 of firm «Varian»

The peak correspondent to binding energy 132,5 eV is ascribed [8] bond C=P that can be possible at the appearance of interference phenomenon because of the direct electromagnetic field which arises at annihilation in red-ox process. The unpaired electrons presence on the carbon shell of mesocomposite can promote the decreasing of free radical activity in the defeat part of the organism. The high atomic magnetic moment of Copper (more than 4μ_B) can be used for the address carriage of medicine.

Thus, the transport remedy included the copper carbon mesocomposite and linker containing phosphorus for the connection therapeutically active substances is proposed.

The investigations of medicines modified by the above magnetic mesocomposites are carried out with the application of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Below C1s spectra for these medicines are presented (Figure 1).

The discussion of the electron structures changes for the modified bio active substances takes place below in following order:.1) ATP; 2) AA; and 3) U.

After the modification of phosphorus-containing copper carbon mesocomposite, obtained at the relation Cu-C MC/APP equaled to 2, by adenosine tri phosphorus acid (relation “1:0,02”) the following changes of the mesoparticle surface structure takes place:

• In C1s spectrum the maximum for C–H bond is considerably increased;

• In this spectrum the appearance of new content at 283 eV correspondent to sp hybridization, and the maximum for sp² (C–C) and also sp³ (C–C) hybridization are decreased;

• In C1s spectrum new maximum (286,7 eV) for C–N bond is observed;

• In Cu2p and P2p spectra the peaks for Cu–P and Cu–P–O are found.

It’s necessary to note that the magnetic moment determined on Cu3s spectrum did not exchange and is equaled to 4,5μ_B.

The above changes in spectra can be explained by the carbon phosphorus shell deformation at the interaction of adenosine tri phosphorus acid with transport remedy.

In the X-ray photoelectron spectra of mesoparticles obtained using the phosphorus containing mesocomposite modification by ascorbic acid at the reagents relation 1:0,2 the following changes are discovered:

• In C1s spectrum in comparison on the spectrum of initial mesocomposite the new maximum (E_b = 288 eV) for C–OH group is present;

• In Cu2p and P2p spectra the maximums for Cu–P, Cu–O and P–O bonds are observed.

The magnetic moment determined on Cu3s spectrum also as in above example is not changed and equaled to 4,5μ_B [9,10].

The changes in x-ray photoelectron spectra of phosphorus containing Cu-C mesocomposite modified by Urotropine at the relation 1:0,5 also take place. Below the following peculiarities in spectra are given:

• In the C1s spectrum the C–H maximum increasing is found;

• In the same spectrum the maximum for C–N bond (E_b = 287eV) appears, and the maximums attributed to sp2 and sp3 hybridization have near intensity;

• In P2p spectrum the maximums at 135 eV (P⁺⁵) and 129 eV (P0) take place.

• In the N1s spectrum the covalent bond C–N is determined.

In this case the copper atomic magnetic moment is near to 4,5μ_B.

It’s interest to note that the carbine component (sp hybridization) is observed at the mesocomposite quantity increasing.

Thus, the above mentioned examples show the connection of therapeutically active substances with transport remedy (phosphorus-containing copper carbon mesocomposite) at the conservation of magnetic properties. Latter is necessary for the application of the obtained substances in practice.

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