The International Journal of Physics Research and Applications upholds a strict withdrawal policy to ensure the integrity and credibility of scientific research. The decision to withdraw, retract, or remove an article is taken by the Editor-in-Chief in consultation with the Editorial Board, following international publishing ethics, plagiarism regulations, and copyright laws.

Published research forms a permanent part of the academic record. However, in certain cases, articles may require withdrawal, retraction, or replacement due to ethical breaches, errors, or legal concerns. All actions will be documented, and necessary notifications will be issued for transparency.

Withdrawal of an Article

Authors may request withdrawal before final publication under specific conditions:

• Accidental Submission: If an article has been submitted multiple times due to technical or human errors.
• Ethical Violations: Instances of plagiarism, fraudulent data, or duplicate submission.
• Author Request: If an author wishes to withdraw their manuscript, they must submit a formal withdrawal request before the final acceptance and must refrain from submitting it to another journal during the 21-day review period.

Authors who request withdrawal after submission may be subject to withdrawal fees:

Withdrawal Stage	Fee
Before Plagiarism Check	$0
After Plagiarism Check but Before Peer Review	$349
After Peer Review	$549
At Final Proof Stage	$749

Retraction of an Article

Articles may be retracted when ethical violations or errors significantly compromise research credibility. Common reasons for retraction include:

• Plagiarism: Unethical reproduction of existing research.
• Falsified Data: Manipulated or fabricated results.
• Breach of Ethical Guidelines: Unapproved research practices.
• Legal Concerns: Copyright infringement or defamation.

Retracted articles remain indexed with a public retraction notice explaining the reason.

Removal of an Article

Article removal is a rare action taken in extreme cases, including:

• Legal Violations: Court orders or copyright infringements.
• Defamation: Articles containing defamatory statements.
• Serious Ethical Breach: Misleading data that could cause harm.

In such cases, the article is removed, but metadata (title and authors) will remain available with a notice of removal.

Replacement of an Article

In cases where an article contains errors that could mislead researchers or pose risks, the authors may request a replacement with a corrected version. If approved:

• The original article will be retracted.
• A corrected version will be published with a notice.

The retraction notice will remain linked to the corrected article for full transparency.

The International Journal of Physics Research and Applications is committed to maintaining ethical standards and ensuring the credibility of published research.